GEN SUPPRESSOR TUMOR

Cancer cells is the accumulation of genetic changes that contributes to the occurrence tumor genesis, tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy. Most of these genetic changes lead to cell cycle regulation. In normal cells, there is a balance between cell proliferation with cell death is regulated through the cell cycle with cellular checkpoint. Losing some molecular checkpoint can be found in the development of some tumors, this is due to cell cycle progression wrong regulation. Accumulation of genetic changes also play a role in the emergence of chemo resistance , which resulted in loss of ability to respond to DNA damage.

Detection of DNA damage regulated by the tumor suppressor p53. When DNA damage, p53 holding cell for entering the next phase and allow time for DNA repair, or if the damage is severe, p53 will initiate programmed cell death (apoptosis). Some of the changes that have been identified, namely a change in the tumor suppressor like p53. With the loss of growth suppression, cell cycle progression and produce uncontrolled tumor genesis.

Most of the strategies in gene therapy for cancer focuses on the replacement of tumor suppressor in cancer cells. Therapy strategy for p53 tumor-suppressor gene is important for developed, and combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy is a beneficial thing.

But p53 is not always an ideal choice for gene therapy to all cancer. In tumor cells that have over-expression of MDM2 or have HPV16E6, we recommend using other tumor suppressor p21 as a more allows the MDM2 gene therapy or because HPV16E6 can directly inactivate p53. Another thing that still needs to be solved. First, an efficient vector design needed that can cause an extension of the high expression of gene transduction of cancer cells only in the target. Second, further criteria required for tumor suppressor planning decisions that will be used for gene therapy.

Others:

• Stem Cell
• Plasmid
• Cell and tissue culture